Thursday, August 27, 2020
Overpopulatio in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1
Overpopulatio in the United States - Essay Example This makes the US one of the quickest developing countries in the line of industrialized countries on the planet. This overpopulation has caused different issues in the nation, for example, shortage of assets, ecological issues, and financial outcomes. Besides, the issue of congestion likewise presents absence of instruction, and different issues which may cause inconveniences for the humankind. It is foreseen that continuously 2050, the number of inhabitants in the country will be expanded by around 130 million individuals, which is about equal to the expansion of four additional states the size of California. This investigation presents a point by point research on the subject of overpopulation in the United States. It embraces to counsel different assets, distributions and databases to acquire data with respect to the current subject. The reasons for overpopulation are considered alongside an explained conversation on the impacts and outcomes of the issue. The idea of overpopulation in not new to the flow world and has been bantered upon much by the specialists and creators. The meaning of the term ââ¬Å"overpopulationâ⬠is commonly given by the authors as a normally antagonistic and inconvenient setting in which the quantity of creatures goes past conveying limit of its condition (Ian, 2007). This wording by and large relates to the relationship between the two factors: condition and human populace. Nature can either allude to a little topographical zone or whole earth. During the previous scarcely any years, the populace in the United States has expanded by more than twofold. It is said that if the number of inhabitants on the planet in the coming century is increased by a similar sum, there will be more than one billion individuals around the world. This expanding populace, thusly, influences numerous highlights which incorporate the negative commitment to the excellence of land, backwoods, condition and the whole biological system. At that point, the social issues, for example, expanding consideration in schools and absence of educators
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Helicopter Experiment: Speed of Fall
Helicopter Experiment: Speed of Fall Hend Darwish Research Question: At what speed will the helicopter fall by adding more paper clasps to its base (the base)? Factors: Autonomous Variable: Amount of paper cuts Subordinate Variable: Speed Consistent: Same Helicopter Same Timer Same tallness (2m) Speculation: My speculation is that the more paper cuts added to the base of the helicopter, the speed will increment. I think this will happen on the grounds that gravity will pull the helicopter down and the contrary power (air obstruction), which is following up on the wings will get more vulnerable on the grounds that the wings will overlay upwards. This will make less for the air opposition follow up on which will make the speed increment. Strategy: For our helicopter lab, we originally estimated two meters on the divider so we have will drop the helicopter at a similar spot. At that point, Eliah will drop the helicopter and Holly will time to what extent it takes with the stopwatch. We rehashed this progression for three mores tests and with two, three, four, five and six paperclips connected to the base. At that point, we found the normal speed of every paperclip and recorded our outcomes into a diagram. To make our test a reasonable test, we ensured its a similar individual planning and dropping the helicopter. Likewise, we generally dropped the helicopter from two meters. For our wellbeing, we ensured that we are in a vacant space so we dont chance upon anybody or the paper helicopter doesnt go on someones head. Likewise, we ensured that we are not close to any synthetic concoctions or blazed Bunsen burner so when we get our helicopter, it wont burst into flames or be secured by any synthetic substances that could hurt us. Contraption: 1 Paper Helicopter Stopwatch 100cm ruler 6 paperclips Graph: Information Collection: Measure of Paper Clips on a Helicopter The measure of paper-cuts on the helicopter Time taken for the helicopter to fall a separation of two meters (s) Preliminary 1 Preliminary 2 Preliminary 3 Mean Speed (m/s) 1 1.38 1.68 1.31 1.45 1.38 2 1.22 1.40 1.19 1.27 1.57 3 1.13 1.40 1.30 1.27 1.57 4 1.16 1.0 1.09 1.05 1.9 5 .96 1.30 .84 1.03 1.94 6 .63 .53 .81 .65 3.08 Information Processing: Table of Amount of Paper Clips Affect the Average Speed of the Paper Helicopter The measure of paper-cuts on the helicopter Time taken for the helicopter to fall a separation of two meters (s) Preliminary 1 Preliminary 2 Preliminary 3 Mean Normal Speed (m/s) 1 1.38 1.68 1.31 1.45 1.38 2 1.22 1.40 1.19 1.27 1.57 3 1.13 1.40 1.30 1.27 1.57 4 1.16 1.0 1.09 1.05 1.9 5 .96 1.30 .84 1.03 1.94 6 .63 .53 .81 .65 3.08 To get the mean, you need to include the three preliminaries together at that point separate it by three. For instance: 1.83 + 1.68 + 1.31 =4.37 4.37/3 = 1.45 To get the speed, you need to separate 2 by the mean of the three preliminaries. For instance: 2/1.45 = 1.38 2/1.27 = 1.57 Information Presentation: End: As per our chart our theory was right: The more paper cuts added to the base of our helicopter the more the speed will increment. Our information relates with the line of best fit truly well up until our last information point which was 6 paper cuts and was 3.08s. It is a lot higher than the various focuses, I think this one specific bit of information is untrustworthy in light of the fact that it portion not relate to the remainder of the information just as the chart. This might be on the grounds that our planning techniques when timing the last one was diverse then the remainder of our diagram. To ensure this would be an exact trial, we completed three preliminaries for each paper clip(s) and afterward determined the mean and speed. Assessment: à à â Our Method was solid and incredibly exact on the grounds that for each measure of paper cut, we had three preliminaries so we could make a normal speed. Additionally, we utilized a similar individual for clock and the dropper of the paper helicopter. On the off chance that I could re-do the investigation, I would have made the stature higher, for example, 3-4m so we could have increasingly precise readings.
Outsourcing Business Functions in Australia-Samples for Students
Question: Talk about the Advantage and Disadvantage of Outsourcing Business Functions. Answer: Presentation Redistributing business capacities means subcontracting some non-essential business capacities and exercises to third part temporary worker or supplier. Associations generally redistribute a few pieces of their professional finance, bookkeeping, human asset, data innovation, client care and some more (Gerbl et al., 2015). While business process re-appropriating (BPO) is identified with any contractual worker outside of the nation, it is known as seaward redistributing. Then again, business process re-appropriating, which is contracted with local gathering, is called nearshore re-appropriating. Re-appropriating business capacities help associations in opening up a portion of their time and they can all the more likely spotlight on their center authoritative capacities inside that time (Lacity Willcocks, 2014). Be that as it may, redistributing business capacity can cause security chance for an association, as significant hierarchical data should be imparted to outsider temporary worke rs. This writing audit will essentially concentrate on the points of interest and burdens of redistributing business function99s. Additionally, the writing survey will likewise concentrate on the patterns of BPO in Australia. Aside from that, various models of re-appropriating business capacities will likewise be portrayed in this writing audit. Moreover, some viable methods of re-appropriating business capacities will likewise be talked about in this writing survey. Venture Objective To investigate the patterns of re-appropriating business works in Australia To perceive the benefit of re-appropriating business capacities To survey the inconvenience of re-appropriating business capacities Undertaking Scope The extent of the undertaking is to distinguish the effect of redistributing business works on business execution. The extent of the writing survey additionally broadens its breaking point towards dissecting the patterns of redistributing business capacities. The patterns of re-appropriating business capacities will energize the associations towards more business process re-appropriating for expanded business adaptability. Aside from that, the writing audit will likewise give enormous data with respect to the upside of re-appropriating business capacities. Moreover, the data gave in regards to the hindrance of re-appropriating business capacities with assistance association in taking preventive activities. In addition, the data gave about the powerful methods of business process redistributing will support the association towards working immaculate business process re-appropriating. Writing Review Idea and effect of Outsourcing Business Functions Redistributing business capacities or business process re-appropriating is characterized as the subset of re-appropriating, which includes contracting of explicit authoritative tasks or exercises to an outsider supplier. Besides, this outsider association plays out the re-appropriated employments for the benefit of the fundamental association. Accordingly, it can spare time for the principle association towards focusing on their center authoritative exercises and upgrade business adequacy. Business process re-appropriating can be sorted two classifications in particular back office re-appropriating and front office re-appropriating. As indicated by Chou et al., (2015), back office redistributing offers the authoritative administrations like information the executives, information passage, installment preparing, bookkeeping administration, study and quality confirmation. Then again, Liu and Deng, (2015) opined that front office re-appropriating consistently manages client collaborations. Additionally, front office re-appropriating manages the business capacities like telemarketing, specialized help, statistical surveying, inbound/outbound deals, client assistance and others. Associations can upgrade the speed and efficiencies of their business procedure through offering a portion of their hierarchical capacities to outsider supplier. Then again, Rekik et al., (2015) opined that re-appropriating is the training utilized by a few organizations towards decreasing their hie rarchical expense through moving a portion of their work to outsider supplier. Patterns in Outsourcing Business Functions in Australia Associations in Australia are joining the worldwide surge of redistributing. With the multiplication of the experts doing outsourcing and outsider specialist organizations, business process re-appropriating is getting increasingly open to even little organizations of Australia. In the course of recent decades, redistributing business capacities has become an undeniably developing business patterns. As indicated by Lacity and Willcocks, (2013), the worldwide market for BPO has been anticipated to reach US$262.2 billion continuously 2022. The accessibility of new age advances like procedure computerization, cloud administrations, huge information investigation has helped in successful tasks of business process re-appropriating. Then again, Tjader et al., (2014) opined that Australia has been considered as the biggest market for business process redistributing in the year 2016. The BPO of Australian associations have been anticipated for $4.6-Billion. While considering the proof from Te lstra, it has been discovered that the association has re-appropriated in excess of 500 occupations to Philippines. Then again, Luo et al., (2013) opined that NAB of Australia has chosen to send more IT occupations in India. Figure 1: Business Process Outsourcing Trend (Source: Eshuis et al., 2015) From the above figure, it is apparent that business procedure redistributing is quickly expanding in Australia when contrasted with different nations. The greater part of the assembling, bookkeeping and media transmission organizations have begun to redistribute their non-center business capacities to other outsider organizations for sparing the authoritative expense. Besides, the Australian associations for the most part redistribute their business capacities to Philippines, India and China. Bit of leeway of Outsourcing Business Functions Cost Advantage Cost advantage is the most noticeable and evident advantages related with re-appropriating of business capacities to other outsider supplier. In redistributing, associations re-appropriate a total business capacity to the outsider. Along these lines, the associations don't have to pay the workers for this specific business work in their own association. It really spares association hierarchical expense. Then again, Gunasekaran et al., (2015) opined that associations can re-appropriate their business capacities to such nations, where compensation is very lower than their own. Along these lines, low compensation of the representatives can really spare hierarchical expense. While considering the case of Telstra, it has been discovered that the association has spared likewise 60% of their hierarchical expense through re-appropriating their business capacities to India and Philippines (Teo Bhattacherjee, 2014). Access to Skilled Resources Associations generally re-appropriate their business capacities to those sellers, who are really represented considerable authority in their fields. As indicated by Liu et al., (2015), the redistributing merchants are for the most part furnished with specialized specialists and explicit types of gear. Consequently, associations can get best capable and explicitly talented workers for playing out the particular business works through redistributing business capacities. Then again, Schoenherr et al., (2015) opined that associations no longer need to put resources into enrollment and preparing administration for the capacity, which they re-appropriate to outsider seller. In addition, the associations can get wide pool of gifted and talented workers in redistributing association, which can lessen their enrollment cost. Expanded Efficiency and Risk Sharing As indicated by Maley et al., (2015), the outsider merchants have wide pool of particularly gifted workers for playing out a particular assignment. In this manner, they can all the more likely control and play out the particular business capacities redistributed to them by the fundamental association. Along these lines, the redistributing business works really improve hierarchical effectiveness. Then again, Gorla and Somers, (2014) opined that the authority sellers of the redistributing organizations can likewise diminish and share the authoritative dangers of the fundamental association. Save money on Technology and Infrastructure Business process re-appropriating spares the expense of the innovation and framework of associations. As indicated by Oshri et al., (2015), associations need not buy and embrace separate mechanical types of gear for playing out the particular capacity, which they re-appropriate to other outsider sellers. Re-appropriating associations are adequately furnished with explicit innovation, which wiped out the necessities of fundamental associations to put resources into innovation and other foundation. Focus on Core Business Areas As per Han and Mithas, (2013), business process redistributing really saves time and energies of the associations and empowers them to be increasingly focused on their center business territories. Along these lines, they can put away additional time and cash to their innovative work office for propelling inventive item and administration improvement. While considering the case of Westpac, the association has re-appropriated its human asset capacities to Genpact. Additionally, Genpact is resolved to flexibly HR to Westpac in their regions of learning and improvement. Time Zone Advantage Aside from getting cost advantage, the associations can likewise get time zone advantage from re-appropriating their business capacities. As indicated by Runar Edvardsson and Durst, (2014), associations can get the advantage of time differential between their own nation and the nation wherein they redistribute their business capacities. Also, the associations can complete their venture from the seller association in any event, when they are shut for the afternoon. Rekik et al., (2015) expressed that the associations can really get the conveyance of their venture on specific time through re-appropriating business capacities. It can really add to the offer of the association. Fa
Friday, August 21, 2020
Adults Education Essay
Grown-up instruction is significant . grown-ups must know the essential things of life. grown-up instruction is required in light of the fact that it is a basic piece of essential training. a few people in their initial age didn't get opportunity to training on account of certain reasons yet on the off chance that they are old they can get instruction and find their live in another manner. individuals who are not putting forth attempt for the achievement cannot prevail in their lives . we can get instruction in any age . instruction causes us from numerous points of view. such information is important for each individual living in a majority rule nation. Training is a significant piece of our life. training implies information and it is significant for us. in bygone eras individuals don't send their young ladies to schools for training yet presently individuals need that there childern ought to be taught. on the off chance that we are not instructed we need to rely upon others yet on the off chance that we are taught we don't need to rely upon others. taught individual can separate between fortunate or unfortunate. training increment our insight approaches to execute it there is no age limit for educationâ⬠¦.. We can actualize it by making individuals mindful of it , beginning efforts and doing reviews . Grown-up instruction, expansion of instructive chances to those grown-ups past the time of overall population training who feel a requirement for additional preparation of any kind, otherwise called proceeding with training. is it right? any mix-ups? Grown-up training is required on the grounds that it is an amazing assistant and a basic motivation to essential instruction. No program of necessary widespread training can manage natural product without the dynamic help and co-activity of grown-ups social educa? tion is required so as to manage in spending their recreation in wellbeing? Ful entertainments and helpful exercises. In conclusion, lack of education and obliviousness is a wrongdoing; an uneducated grown-up is a weight on society. A The challenges must be defeated either by shrewdness, or by reality or by bargain, or might be, by purposeful evasion. At exactly that point we can want to spread Adult Education. The reason for all great instructing is to create changes in human conduct. All grown-up instruction educator must receive a constructive methodology; grown-up training liberates individuals from the oppression of absence of education. [1] Some individuals, in their initial age, didn't get the opportunity to get training for various reasons. At the point when they are old assuming at that point, they get instruction and they can find themselves in another manner. [2] Learning is a persistent procedure, and if grown-up people have the proceeded with relationship with information is likewise significant. {3] Some grown-up a lot of time to take rest yet in the event that they are occupied with learning they can likewise have a great time and companions. {4] If they are caught up with something imaginative employments, they will never feel exhausting rather they will feel more advantageous and more joyful. We can actualize it by making individuals mindful of it , beginning efforts and doing reviews . 1. in a perplexing current vote based system, residents must be learned. 2. investigate shows that more established individuals who keep their psyches dynamic endure less dementia and other memory type ailments in mature age. 3. in an intricate current economy, laborers must be modern on new methods, and advancements Many individuals neglect to get that on the off chance that they wear ââ¬Ët put forth the additional attempt, they ââ¬Ëll always be unable to add up to much throughout everyday life. A few be that as it may, in the wake of investing a great deal of their energy as children hesitating, put forth the attempt to improve their status throughout everyday life. So being admirably over thirty or even forty years doesn ââ¬Ët matter; anybody can at present return to class to contemplate. It could be any degree that you need. Having passed up training when you were yet youthful, despite everything doing school probably won't resemble a decent choice. In any case, there are such a large number of grown-up instruction programs around, it woul.
Blog Archive UC-Berkeley Haas Essay Analysis, 20132014
Blog Archive UC-Berkeley Haas Essay Analysis, 2013â"2014 The Haas School of Business at the University of California (UC), Berkeley, offers you more opportunity to tell your story than most business schools do these daysâ"its three short essays favor those whose candidacies include a variety of dimensions and accomplishments. Your job is to ensure that the reader is constantly learning about you as he/she reads on. Ask yourself, âAm I offering a new skill or a new experience in each essay?â If your answer is not âyes!â then you must go back to brainstorming to ensure you are providing a broad and compelling picture of yourself. If you want the admissions committee to stay interested, you must keep providing new information throughout your essays. 1. If you could choose one song that expresses who you are, what is it and why? (250 word maximum) As absurd as this prompt may seem, you of course want to take it seriously. Rather than trying to identify what might be an impressive or interesting song in and of itself, stop, think about the various facets of your character and then back into your choice. Ask yourself what defines who you are and then work to find an appropriate song that reflects and reveals these elementsâ"preferably one that you are sincerely connected to or that triggers a strong response in you. To add another level of creativity, consider different versions of the same song and the different singers who have performed or recorded it. (For example, the famed song âNew York, New Yorkâ has been recorded by a number of artists over the years and in different languagesâ"not that we are suggesting this song!) If the lyrics of a particular song seem to match well with your personality, you may also be able to identify a version of that song with a certain style, tempo or featured instrument, and these elemen ts can further illustrate your personality. There is no ârightâ song in the eyes of the admissions committee. Your task is to find one that serves as an avenue for discussing your character and to clearly explain how and why it does so, using examples. 2. What is your most significant accomplishment? (250 word maximum) Your most significant accomplishment can be from any sphereâ"professional, community, academic, personal. As mentioned in our introduction, be sure to represent different dimensions of your candidacy as you respond to these short-essay prompts. In other words, whichever aspect of your profile you choose to highlight here, it should be one that is not represented elsewhere in your application. (Note: you can tell two stories from the same âvenue,â but they need to represent your skills/talents in different ways. Mentorship is a different skill than business development, for example, but both can occur in the workplace.) The key to this essay is choosing an experience that is simple but powerfulâ"one that speaks for itself and draws the reader in, allowing him/her to draw a clear conclusion about your capabilities. Even with just 250 words, you can sufficiently recount a story that accomplishes this goal. 3. Describe a time in the last three years when you overcame a failure. What specific insight from this experience has shaped your development? (250 word maximum) UC-Berkeley Haas has maintained a question about failure this application season, though it differs slightly from last yearâs. Clearly, the school believes that managing failure well is an important factor in being prepared to succeed. As we have stated in other essay analyses we have written over the years, the schools do not want you to hide your failures or blame others. They want to know that you can take responsibility and both rise to the challenge and learn from the experience when things go wrong. An effective essay will tell a story that involves clear forward progress and then a sudden derailment just as success is near. If, by contrast, an idea never got off the ground in the first place, it cannot truly be called a failureâ"just a bad idea. Many applicants feel that failure is the most difficult topic to write about, because few have had âheroicâ failures (e.g., you left your job to start a nonprofit that could not raise the necessary funds and had to fold)â"which are relatively easy to write about and reflect well on the candidateâ"and instead have had embarrassing failures (which applicants typically should avoid sharing). So, what is the right kind of failure to discuss, if you do not have one of the heroic variety? The first thing to do when trying to identify which failure experience to share is to analyze your successes. Most successes that are worth discussing were hard earned, meaning that they most likely involved some failures along the wayâ"you may have simply forgotten about some of the failures you experienced as part of the successes you ultimately achieved. For example, the popular new product you launched may have initially been mispriced; you may have encountered production delays that you should have been able to avoid; you may have had trouble convincing a single retailer to sell it or originally targeted the wrong venues. These are just examples, of course, but the nature of business is that projects are revised, deals are delayed, efforts are stymied. To write a strong essay response to this question, you must clearly convey your specific actions and intentions, thereby revealing a sincere effort on your part that yielded unexpected results in the end. The admissions committee wants to know that you are a student of your failure, so even in this short space, you must reflect on your actions and discuss what you learned and how you would apply that knowledge going forward. 4. a. What are your post-MBA short-term and long-term career goals? How have your professional experiences prepared you to achieve these goals? b. How will an MBA from Haas help you achieve these goals? (750 word maximum for 4a. and 4b.) Together, these two questions constitute a typical personal statement essay question. Because personal statements are similar from one application to the next, we have produced the mbaMission Personal Statement Guide, which helps applicants write this style of essay for any school. We offer this guide to candidates free of charge. Please feel free to download your copy today. For a thorough exploration of UC-Berkeley Haasâs academic program, merits, defining characteristics, crucial statistics, social life, academic environment and more, please check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guide to the Haas School of Business at the University of California-Berkeley. Share ThisTweet 2013-2014 Berkeley-Haas MBA Essay Analysis
Friday, June 26, 2020
Yale School of Management MBA Class of 2021 Profile
Here is a look at Yale SOMââ¬â¢s class of 2021 profile, taken from the Yale SOM website. Total enrollment: 345 Women: 42% International passport holders: 44% (includes U.S. permanent residents and dual citizens) U.S. Students of Color: 29% (includes U.S. citizens and permanent residents who identify as Asian, Black, Hispanic/Latino, Native American/Islander, or Multiethnic) Underrepresented US Students of Color: 13% (includes U.S. citizens and permanent residents who identify as Black, Hispanic/Latino, Native American/Islander, or Multiethnic) Median undergraduate GPA: 3.66 80% range of undergraduate GPA: 3.34-3.92 Median GMAT: 720 Middle 80% GMAT range: 680-760 Median GRE-V: 165 Middle 80% GRE-V range: 160-170 Median GRE-Q: 165 Middle 80% GRE-Q range: 159-168 % with GRE scores: 26% Citizenship by region (based on primary citizenship): North America: 69% Asia Pacific: 18% The Caribbean, Central, and South America: 5% Africa Middle East: 4% Europe: 4% Citizenships represented: 47 Undergraduate majors MajorPercent STEM30% Humanities Social Sciences28% Business23% Economics19% Pre-SOM industry IndustryPercent Financial Services19.8% Consulting18.8% Nonprofit14.9% Government7.9% Manufacturing6.9% Transportation Logistical Services6.9% Energy5% Healthcare (including Products Services)5% Media/Entertainment4% Consumer Packaged Goods3% Other2% Retail2% Real Estate2% Hospitality1% Technology1% Pre-SOM sector SectorPercent For-profit73% Nonprofit17% Government10% Can you see yourself at Yale SOM? Learn how you can secure your spot when you work one-on-one with an expert Accepted advisor. Explore our MBA Admissions Services for more information on how we can help you get ACCEPTED! ; For 25 years, Accepted has helped business school applicants gain acceptance to top programs. Our outstanding team of MBA admissions consultants features former business school admissions directors and professional writers who have guided our clients to admission at top MBA, EMBA, and other graduate business programs worldwide including Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, Booth, INSEAD, London Business School, and many more.à Want an MBA admissions expertà to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: â⬠¢Ã Best MBA Programs, a guide to selecting the right one â⬠¢Ã Yale SOM MBA Essay Tips Deadlines â⬠¢ Life at Yale SOM, Google Internship the Importance of Diversity
Monday, May 25, 2020
Silas Marner and the Little Girl Free Essay Example, 1250 words
Struck deeply by emotional imbalance, he finds no way to leave the child. He takes the child home and names her Eppie, a name much to the similarities of his deceased mother and sister Hephzibah. As the story further runs in deep, Eppie basically influences Marnerââ¬â¢s life. Symbolism is the best factor of destiny here; when Silas loses his precious asset of gold, he gains Eppie, a child with golden curls. Eppie is indeed the miracle that entered his life, perhaps a treasure that carries whole fragrance of true happiness. ââ¬Å"He had a dreamy feeling that this child was some how a message to him from that far-off lifeâ⬠(223). With the end of Eppieââ¬â¢s mother, Godfrey Cass is now liberated to marry his new love, Nancy, masking his first marriage from her. Eppie grows great in the hearts of all people around with her strongest bond with her foster father. Marner also has reason to call her beloved because she is the only reason why the people include him in their town. The author cleverly makes all her efforts to sum up the story a hearty one with a fascinating end. We will write a custom essay sample on Silas Marner and the Little Girl or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page
Monday, May 18, 2020
Thursday, May 14, 2020
Global E-Commerce Market Entry Market Management
Global e-Commerce: Market Entry amp; Market Management Introduction The growth, integration, and sophistication of ICT are changing our society and economy. The emergence of the Internet as a general communication channel has opened the opportunity for e-Commerce to expand worldwide. E-Commerce is now viewed by researchers and practitioners as providing the future direction in which organizations must move. Diffusion of the Internet has led to significant shifts in the methodology of operating business globally. Therefore, it is both an interesting and challenging issue to address, explore, and conceptualize proliferation of e-Commerce and also adoption and cultural resistance and evolution for global consumers. This analysis will useâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The reading lists an amount of example to explain several mistake could happen in the international business. For example, the case 6 is about a U.S. ââ¬âTurkish Joint Venture for Producing the Yellow pages. In the cases, the company did not aware of the typographical errors. As the result of the errors, the company is no longer in the yellow pages business in Turkey, and the errors also results a prominent business man of Bolu being the subject of jokes for some time thereafter. The cases presented in the reading reveal numerous problems common to international marketing. The framework for analyzing international marketing blunders and their possible causes in the reading structures the reasons and factors in the international marketing blunders. The framework is formed by macro-environmental factors and cause that relate to firmsââ¬â¢ international business strategies. Some of the macro-environmental factors related to blunders can be traced to misinformation. Sometimes, through failure to understand local culture, traditions, customs, and values of the host markets, the marketing decisions of international firms turn out wrong. Many misinformation blunders take place during translations. Some of the blunders related to international business strategy may be caused by off-target marketing. These represent selection ofShow MoreRelatedChap12 Ais1343 Words à |à 6 PagesChapter 12 test bank TRUE OR FALSE. 1. Private industrial networks are the largest form of B2B e-commerce. ANS. TRUE 2. EDI systems are seller-side solutions. ANS. FALSE 3. Net market places are growing at a faster rate than private industrial networks. ANS. TRUE 4. E-distributors typically operate in vertical markets. ANS. FALSE 5. Exchanges tend to be biased toward the seller even though they are independently owned and presumably neutral. ANS. FALSE 6. Industry consortia are typicallyRead MoreE-Commerce Industry Analysis- Porters1596 Words à |à 7 PagesFirm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry | * Indiaââ¬â¢s e retailers have primarily relied on PE funds and venture capitalists * Pricing is the point of differentiation from existing Brick and Mortar shops * Focus on segments like Books and apparels to slowly increase their offerings * innovations in delivery and technology in recent years like Cash on Delivery, CRM * Introduction of Guarantied replacement approach.Rivalry- * Business model is easy to copy * Beginning ofRead MoreBusiness Models in Ecom1049 Words à |à 5 PagesOverview Lecture 2 E-Commerce Business Models Boriana Koleva bnk@cs.nott.ac.uk C54 Key components of e-commerce business models Major B2C business models Major B2B business models Business models in other emerging areas of e-commerce Benefits and Problems with E-Commerce E-commerce Business Models Business model ââ¬â set of planned activities designed to result in a profit in a marketplace Business plan ââ¬â document that describes a firmââ¬â¢s business model E-commerce business model ââ¬â aims to use andRead MoreThe Effects Of E Commerce On Global Trade1524 Words à |à 7 PagesThe effects of E-commerce in Global Trade Introduction E-commerce is a term describing a new and innovative more efficient way of doing business completely by use of the internet, to conduct trade dealings both on a national and global scale. 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Challenge 3: Share price reaction in the stock market to IPO under-pricing Nowadays, the prestige of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is clearly attracting a large number of Chinese companies. Commonly, firms such as Alibaba seek to launch initial public offers (IPO) in foreign markets raising the capital that the firm needs to expand its businesses across the globe. Nevertheless, to deal with stock market reactions after an strong debut represents a great challenge for largeRead MoreHow Has Internet Technology Changed Business Models?1584 Words à |à 7 PagesFinal Paper Kai Niu International American University BUS 530: Management Information Systems 04/30/2017 How has Internet technology changed business models? When people recall their lives 20 years ago, almost everyone will be amazed on how the lives changed by the development of Internet technology. I remembered clearly that I have to go to box office to buy a train ticket then, I bought almost everything at the local stores and I obtained most news information and knowledge through books andRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Alibuba In China1093 Words à |à 5 PagesIntroduction: In the year 2016, an e-commerce giant held a one-day sales bonanza that outsold Black Friday and Cyber Monday at all US retailers combined. It was not Amazonââ¬â¢s Prime Day; it was Chinese e-commerce company Alibabaââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Singlesââ¬â¢ Day Holiday,â⬠in November of 2016, where approximately $17.8 billion worth of goods were sold, according to Business Insider (http://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-prime-day-vs-alibaba-singles-day-2017-7). Alibaba, founded in 1999 by Jack Ma to connect Chinese manufacturersRead MoreDifferent Types of Information Systems1141 Words à |à 5 Pagesare: a. Operations support systems These include: i. Transaction processing systems Transaction processing systems are used to process business transactions. Western Chemical uses the internet and an electronic commerce website to capture data and process sales and order data as well as update inventory data. ii. Process control systems These are systems used to monitor and control physical processes. Western Chemical uses sensors to captureRead MoreTechnology Makes the World Smaller1697 Words à |à 7 PagesTechnology Make the World Smaller Office 2004 Test Drive User Table of Contents Commerce 4 Dell6 Ebay 7 E-cash8 Work Cited11 Footnotes12 Technology Makes the World Smaller The international marketplace is changing very fast every day. E-commerce and E-Business is now one of the standard ways to do business. The Internet has opened up vast opportunities for business to tap into new markets all over the world. The use of the Internet removes all geographical constraints, permits the instant establishment
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Copernican Heliocentrism Impact to Modern Science
Copernican Heliocentrism impact to Modern Science Michael White WGU February 24, 2011 Thesis Statement: Nicolas Copernicus Heliocentrism helped to revolutionize science and catapult man into space. Introduction: Early science and astronomers believed the earth to be the center of the universe; this was known as the Geocentric Model. Prior to the 17th Century the Catholic Church held onto and defended the Geocentric Model as the divine order of planetary alignment and manââ¬â¢s hierarchy in the universe. Nicolas Copernicus introduced the heliocentric model when most scientific minds believed the earth was the center of the universe. This presentation will articulate two main points: Copernicusââ¬â¢s heliocentric model impact to theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The Copernican revolution was arguably completed by Isaac Newton whose Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica provided a consistent physical explanation which showed that the planets are kept in their orbits by the familiar force of gravity. The geometric calculations and results which Copernicus compiled regarding orbital movements and positioning are now regarded as scientific truths. The heliocentric disco veries have become the cornerstones of breakthroughs in physics, astronomy and geometry. Without Copernicusââ¬â¢s heliocentric model modern man could not have achieved space flight or reached the moon. Copernicusââ¬â¢s theory became a major factor in modern space travel and other scientific innovations. (Asimov, 1964) Scripted Audience Questions Question: Why did the Church fight the heliocentric model so strongly? Answer: Anyone who disagreed with this analogy that the Geocentric Model as the divine order of planetary alignment and manââ¬â¢s hierarchy in the universe was branded a heretic, because it was considered going against Biblical doctrine. Question: In what way did Copernicus impact early science? Answer: Copernicusââ¬â¢s heliocentric model and its mathematics accurately mapped the moons orbit and other celestial bodies positioning. Question: How did Copernicus model help modernShow MoreRelatedGalileo Galilei was one of the most influential scientists of the Renaissance period. He was a1800 Words à |à 8 PagesGalileo Galilei was one of the most influential scientists of the Renaissance period. He was a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, a philosopher. He integrated the independent sciences of math and physics, and unified them. The popular view of the world, due to the Church overall power, at the time was Aristotles theory that the the universe was geocentric or that the Earth was at the center of the universe.. Galileo went against that common belief and declared to the world that the Earth is notRead MoreGalileos Mathematical-Experimental Method Essay1857 Words à |à 8 Pagescelestial bodies to the motion of minuscule free falling pebbles and water droplets upon a ship show his immense scientific interest and his discoveries cannot be overstated as he has been widely accredited as the founder of a new rational science. The science of antiquity which scholars were taught in Galileoââ¬â¢s time was an amalgamation of religious doctrine and Aristotelian philosophy reinterpreted to match with the teachings of the church. As a result, there was little scientific advancement.Read MoreElectronic Mass Planets Orbiting The Pulsar Psr B125710312 Words à |à 42 Pageswe declare to be infinite... In it are an infinity of worlds of the same kind as our own. â⬠ââ¬âGiordano Bruno (1584)[32] In the sixteenth century the Italian philosopher Giordano Bruno, an early supporter of the Copernican theory that Earth and other planets orbit the Sun (heliocentrism), put forward the view that the fixed stars are similar to the Sun and are likewise accompanied by planets. In the eighteenth century the same possibility was mentioned by Isaac Newton in the General Scholium that
Health And Children s Oral Health Essay - 1163 Words
http://www.adcouncil.org/Our-Campaigns/Health/Children-s-Oral-Health This website would be a great resource for parents and mini classroom presentations. It is the web page for the ad council, whose goal is to create media that aligns with public health needs and can be used to educate the public. This link specifically shows the information they have for childrenââ¬â¢s dental care and disease prevention. https://www.cdhp.org/blog/370-22-kids-books-for-oral-health-education This web page is sponsored by the CDC and many other dental organizations. It is part of the website for the Childrenââ¬â¢s Dental Health Project. It has a list of recommended books for teaching oral care to children. I think it will be helpful to teachers because the books have been reviewed by dental professionals and help the teacher to use a book that will match the age group they teach. http://kidshealth.org/en/kids/teeth.html This is a page from informative and accurate website that has inforatnion about teeth and dental hygiene. The user can use either the kid or teen pages. The pages contain graphics, articles that read aloud and even videos. This website could be used independent by children. It even contains a follow up quiz, for the user, to see if they correctly understood the information they read. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs318/en/ This page is on the website for the World Health Organization. I think viewing this page is good way teachers to gain background knowledgeShow MoreRelatedHealth Needs Of Children With Special Health Care Needs1306 Words à |à 6 Pages Unmet Oral Health Needs of Children with Special Health Care Needs: Dental Providersââ¬â¢ Perceived Barriers to Treatment Nikema Peterson Florida A M University June 1, 2016 ââ¬Æ' Research Proposal Introduction and Research Questions Author: Nikema Peterson Track of Interest: Behavioral Health Sciences and Health Education Proposed Topic: Oral Health in Children with Special Health Care Needs Proposed Title: Unmet Oral Health Needs of Children with Special Health Care Needs: Dental Providersââ¬â¢Read MoreOral Hygiene And Dental Health1182 Words à |à 5 Pagesscholarly articles that discuss various interventions, to improve oral health in children of all ages. There is research conducted that shows 1 out of 6 children experience a toothache each year. There were various interventions implemented throughout schools, and for parents with young children. Each intervention had similar effects and research shows that they were very effective in increasing knowledge on oral hygiene and dental health. This paper also discusses those various interventions and theRead MoreSevere Dental And Cognitive Deficits1586 Words à |à 7 Pagescognitive function of children in a Chinese community. Although limited it provides more useful information than almost all the studies included in the authors earlier review (Choi et al., 2012). Most of the reports considered in that review were very brief with little detail or consideration of confounding factors. Unfortunately political activists use Choi et al, (2012) in their campaigns against community water fluoridation (CWF). They claim it proves CWF damages children s brains (see for exampleRead MoreAdult And Youth Health Services Provided By Waikato District Health Board Essay1661 Words à |à 7 Pagesthat integrates all child and youth health services provided by Waikato District Health Board, whether they are provided in hospital, clinics in the community or in people homes. The role of Waikids is to deliver child-centered, youth-centered and family/whanau focuses and friendly care to raise awareness about health issues, care for children with health issues and their families and keep children healthy (Waikato DHB, 2016). Action Area 3: Promote Oral Health Waikato DHB focuses on parent/family/whanauRead MoreGood Oral Hygiene For A Persons Overall Health1611 Words à |à 7 PagesGood oral hygiene plays an important role in a persons overall health. Also, it can help a person to be more confident, which in turn leads to better success! Some people do not realize the consequences of poor oral hygiene on their overall health. The consequences are not just bad teeth! For example: you may end up with an infection of the blood, heart problems, respiratory problems, etc. While some know this, many do not think it affects their ability to succeed in school and career. If a personRead MoreSouthern Dominion Health Systems Invites The Investment From The Ada Foundation Of $ 5000.00905 Words à |à 4 PagesGrant Purpose Southern Dominion Health Systems invites the investment from the ADA Foundation of $5000.00 to improve the quality of oral health through education in our underserved and vulnerable population of Lunenburg County. This grant will be for a one year period. Problem/Background ââ¬Å"Oral health care is not uniformly attainable across the nationâ⬠(Fineberg, H, 2011, p. ix). ââ¬Å"Unfortunately, individuals who face the greatest barriers to care are often among the most vulnerable members of ourRead MoreVirtual Dental Homes : Will They Be The Wave Of The Future? Essay954 Words à |à 4 Pagesââ¬Å"Virtual Dental Homesâ⬠: Will They Be The Wave of the Future? Basing a virtual dental home in a school, a nursing home or other community setting allows dental hygienists to prevent or treat the majority of oral health problems on site, and also brings prevention information to patients, families and caregivers.â⬠ââ¬â Professor Paul Glassman News Staff (Stockton, CA) -- Bringing virtual dental homes to schools, nursing homes and long-term care facilities can keep people healthy - reducing school absenteeismRead MoreThe Importance Of Infants And Children On Children1045 Words à |à 5 PagesAssessments Infants and children are at a high risk of caries due to improper oral care and the lack of oral hygiene education of parents. Nearly 60 percent of children under the age of 5 will have tooth decay.In order to help this particular population education is key. Mothers with poor oral health will lead to poor oral health of children. According the National Institute of Health children ages 2 to 11 years of age have an average of1.6 decayed teeth and 3.6 decayed primary surfaces. There hasRead MoreCWF As An Equitable And Effective Public Health Case Study1375 Words à |à 6 Pagesequitable and effective public health intervention. It is beneficial for all, but the lowest SES gradient gains the most. Scope of studies The researches presented various methods of determining oral health in different socio-economic in fluoridated and non-fluoridated regions. Armfield (2005) screened available data collected during routine examinations. Armfield`s focused on 5-6 and 11-12 year old. Caries amongst 5-6 years old socioeconomically underprivileged children from non-fluoridated areas exceededRead MoreOral Disease And Its Effects On The Health And Well Being For Children1087 Words à |à 5 Pages Background Oral health is a key component to overall health and well-being for children. Although it is preventable, tooth decay is the most common chronic childhood disease in the U.S., five times more common than asthma. If left untreated, decay can lead to serious health issues that include malnourishment, bacterial infections, and even surgery or hospitalization. Fortunately, using fluoride and dental sealants when combined with good oral hygiene, nutrition, and regular dental care can keep
Search Engine Optimisation for IT and Engineering-myassignmenthelp
Question: Discuss about theSearch Engine Optimisation for IT and Engineering. Answer: Introduction: This paper is purposefully based on conceptualizing the SEO to a firm which has few decision-makers not being able to understand the term. The case organization has plans to employ an SEO firm; however, they first want to review the process as they are not sure of the key challenges associated with its application and the post-implementation process. The learner has been assigned to the mentioned task. The plan to employ an SEO firm is indeed important in regards to increasing the official website visibility to the target audience. Google, Bing and Yahoo are the three most popular platforms which are used for the search engine optimization. It is related to certain keywords which the target audience generally search for. The moment they enter those certain keywords they get able to view a list of other suggestions also arranged in order based on the website rankings. This means the search was for a different keyword; however, the list of suggestions may also encourage users to other keywords. However, the suggested keywords might encourage visiting the pages which may be either useful or engaging for the target audience (Baye, De los Santos and Wildenbeest 2016; pp.6-31). The review process on the SEO is being done in this paper by first looking on the advantages that an SEO platform provides. In addition, it also enquires the key problems associated with the SEO and recommends a way to get rid of that. Conceptualising the SEO and SEO firm: A website may lack the content which is required to increase its engaging capability. Nowadays, a website is not just limited to providing the basic information of the website owner. It is actually now seen as one of the platforms to advertise the product or the service, engaging customers with its content and converting maximum turns into sales. Optimising a website may include making changes to its content to make it look attractive engaging, facilitating HTML associated coding to make it more relevant with most typed keywords and eliminating barriers to effective indexing activities of search engine platforms (Egri and Bayrak 2014). Those that are recognized specialist in delivering SEO services are commonly known as SEO firms. Business organizations approach that SEOseeking solutions on their website. Solutions include making required amendments to the contents to make it much competitive and highly interactive. Advantages of using SEO: There are the ample of advantages of using an SEO service that is as listed below (Arlitsch and OBrien 2015; pp.950-952): Increases Traffic:People may be searching for products or serviceswhich are relevant to the products or services of many companies. However, not all the companies have the chance to get caught in the sight of customers. SEO indeed helps to stock keywords in the index which are relevant to what audience looks for. Hence, companies that are not predominantly searched on the search engines can also find the new audience. The number of clicks improves the ranking. Website with highest ranks is searched more than any other websites. SEO may help to increase the traffic and thereby the ranking. An increased traffic is indeed necessary for an improved performance of the website. SEO helps to identify the relevant keywords which target audience generally type. SEO works on Meta descriptions and the title tags which also contribute in drawing the attention of audience. A website link optimised that way conveys useful information giving a snapshot of the actual website page. Hence, this also helps to increase the click though rates. ROI: SEO does not only increase the clicks, it also communicates the path which the users have followed. This is beneficial for both e-commerce and non-e-commerce sites. E-commerce sites may also know the path which the users have followed to complete a sale. SEO may help to improve the rankings, traffic and the conversions. Rankingsis important for appearing on the top of the list of the drop down. Traffic' is directly proportional to click through rate. An increased traffic means an enhanced click through rates. SEO created traffic are more likely to get converted into customers. It is better than any other way of traffic conversion. This is indeed an effective way to promote the business. Cost-effectiveness: SEO is an essential marketing strategy and is effectively more than any other marketing strategies like cold-calling.SEO targets only those audiences who are searching for the similar kind of product or service which the concerned company has. Moreover, it is a kind of incoming customers. On the other hand, cold-calling is an outgoing process. Cold-calling may still be effective in generating the leads, however, the SEO moves ahead in terms of producing quality leads. Hence, SEO is indeed a cost-effective and extremely beneficial method which may ensure a success. Improved site usability: This is another advantage of approaching the SEO service. SEO firms can effectively help to improve the website architecture to improve its user interface. The website can have an enhanced navigable capability. Therefore, users might feel it easier to navigate through the website pages. This also means that SEO does not only help to increase the possibility of being viewed by the audience but, also means an easy navigable between pages. Brand responsiveness: SEO, as discussed earlier, helps to improve the rankings through its incoming strategies. The incoming strategies mean making changes to the website architecture, making the keywords relevant by stocking more words to the index and improving the page navigation. This way SEO helps to fetch leadswhich are high in quality. The rankings get improved and hence, make the website visible on the first page. It may leave a good impression on customers because companies being listed on the first page are viewed as more trustworthy. Freedom from the paid advertisement:The website traffic can be increased without ever paying for the single click. SEO helps to increase the website clicks and thereby, helps to save on the investments. The saved money can be used in more important areas. Key issues of SEO: There are some serious issues which need to be taken care with the utmost protection. The role-play of the case company will be selecting SEO firms with high ratings in quality service. This may ensure prevention of issues which are discussed as follows: Duplicate content: In approximately around 50% cases, the duplicity of contents is a reported problem (Chojar, Chauhan and Singh 2014; pp.495-499). In such scenario, Google or other search engines may not be able to rank the websites. Feed is done in such a way that search engines make a differentiation based on the content originality. It means that contest should not match. The duplicity of contents may not fetch positive response from Google and hence, CTR (click through rates) will get hampered. A reduced CTR will result in lessened traffic. Therefore, the purpose to hire the SEO firm will not be served (Choudhari and Bhalla 2015; pp.692-694). Title tags: Title tag appears at the top of search listings. The tag needs to be attractive and concise as well, so that, the audience is able to build up a perception regarding the website. There are commonly few issues which SEO firms are practicing. Those few issues are copied title tags, long title tags, smaller or meaningless title tags and missing tags. Copied title tags may reduce the chances of the website appearing on the first page of the search engine (Pitale and Verma 2015; pp.2-3). An effective title tag abiding by the rules policies of search engines such as of Google may help to get CTR (click through rates). On the other hand, an overly stated or meaningless tag may result in the otherwise consequences. Google, in particular, is intended to give unique contents to users (Jerath, Ma and Park 2014; pp.483-486). This means if title tags are not original or they are invaluable, Google may certainly reject those websites from appearing in the list. Overly long tags are no t also good for the company. Google, in particular, has the certain range of characters which can be displayed to customers. Google may only show up to 71 characters. Missing title tags is itself an issue as the search engine may not identify the contents and hence, traffic may get hampered. Title tags should also not be too smaller that it does not make any sense. It needs to be to the extent it conveys any meaning to the target audience. Moreover, in that way, the search engine like Google will also be able to identify the values of the content (Chojar, Chauhan and Singh 2014; pp.494-498). Meta descriptions: Meta descriptions do help to attract customers towards a particular website. It may not have a direct influence; however, it really helps to increase the CTR (click through rates) (Yang, Shi and Wang 2015; pp.1108-1112). If that happens customer may feel like visiting the web page. Hence, the web traffic will then improve. This will also impact the conversion rate if the website has impactful contents and are appropriately distributed on each page. This should not be the case that one or few pages have very less amount of words in it. Some SEO firms do copy the Meta descriptions. Therefore, the page listing will be lessened (Vermaet al. 2015; pp.45-51). Invaluable word-count: Some SEO firms do not concentrate on the word-count. They either construct low word count which does not convey any significant meaning or the contents are copied and hence, less attractive.Sometimes they have sufficient word count on the website page; however, due to being copied from similar other sites it fails to deliver (Jindal and Kharb 2014; pp.2-4). There are certain guidelines set by the different search engines such as Google in regards to the word-count limit on the website page. Google in particular values much in-depth and insightful content. Website meeting those criteria will also find their ranks as improving. An improved rank will result in increased web traffic and hence, the conversion rates (Yang, Shi and Wang 2015; pp.1106-1109). Recommendations: Avoiding duplicity of content:The company must ensure that they are at the right hand. The assurance is needed on the content. They must not afford to hire someone who used to follow duplicity of content. Use of effective Title tags: The case company must really focus on hiring SEO firms with good ratings. Hence, it is necessary for the organization it gets the reputed SEO firm that has good market values. Such firms will ensure that title tags are shorter and within the guidelines set by search engines but, still, conveying potential insights to customers. Useof attractive Meta descriptions: It is important to hire SEO firms with good market values, so that, they pay utmost attention while constructing the Meta descriptions. Meta descriptions should be precise but, must be conveying a good insight of the website. Valuable word-count:This is necessary that the website has the appropriate word-count distributed to the different pages. A reputed SEO firm makes it sure that they change the website architecture and fill this with necessary contents in a way that it looks much better and meaningful as well. Conclusion: Therefore, the case study company needs to pay a high attention to the benefits and the challenges of hiring the SEO firm. The selection of SEO firm needs to be done after ensuring that the selected firm has the good market values. This is very important to avoid any challenges which are all being highlighted in this study. Duplicate content, title tags, Meta descriptions and invaluable word-count are the few issues which need to be taken care of while in business with the SEO firm. The primary action will be to shortlist the number of SEO firms that are available in the market. The different SEO firms must be analyzed based on their market values. In addition, the number of successful projects that they have conducted, so far, should also be checked to understand whether they are dealing with the right SEO firm. References: Arlitsch, K. and OBrien, P., 2015. Introducing the" Getting Found" Web Analytics Cookbook for Monitoring Search Engine Optimization of Digital Repositories.Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Libraries (QQML),4, pp.947-953. Baye, M.R., De los Santos, B. and Wildenbeest, M.R., 2016. Search engine optimization: what drives organic traffic to retail sites?.Journal of Economics Management Strategy,25(1), pp.6-31. Chojar, B., Chauhan, A. and Singh, A.V., 2014. Search engine optimization: A review.International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering,4(1), pp.493-499. Choudhari, K. and Bhalla, V.K., 2015. Video search engine optimization using keyword and feature analysis.Procedia Computer Science,58, pp.691-697. Egri, G. and Bayrak, C., 2014. The role of search engine optimization on keeping the user on the site.Procedia Computer Science,36, pp.335-342. Jerath, K., Ma, L. and Park, Y.H., 2014. Consumer click behavior at a search engine: The role of keyword popularity.Journal of Marketing Research,51(4), pp.480-486. Jindal, M. and Kharb, N., 2014. Data Mining in Web Search Engine Optimization and User Assisted Rank Results.International Journal of Computer Applications,95(8), pp.19-39. Pitale, P. and Verma, A.U., 2015. Survey Paper based on Search Engine Optimization, Web Crawler and Web Mining.International Journal of Computer Applications (09758887) Applications of Computers and Electronics for the Welfare of Rural Masses (ACEWRM),2015, pp.1-3. Verma, N., Malhotra, D., Malhotra, M. and Singh, J., 2015. E-commerce website ranking using semantic web mining and neural computing.Procedia Computer Science,45, pp.42-51. Yang, Z., Shi, Y. and Wang, B., 2015. Search engine marketing, financing ability and firm performance in E-commerce.Procedia Computer Science,55, pp.1106-1112.
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Discussion on Information Technology-Free-Samples-Myassignment
Question: Discuss about the Communication and Information Technology. Answer: Encryption is a new technique which is used to covert data or information into a code. This code is not readable by normal person or third person apart from the intended receiver of the message. This helps in prevention of unauthorized access of the data (Garg et al 2016). The primary purpose of the technique is to protect confidentiality of the digital data stored in a computer system or data which is transmitted via the internet or other network in a computer system. The modern encryption algorithm plays a vital role in the security assurance of the IT system. The key elements of security achieved from the technique are authentication with which the originator of the message can be identified, integrity which ensures that the content of the message or the message is not modified or altered from the time it had been send and the non repudiation which ensures that the sender of the message cannot deny sending the message. The technique has brought about many features regarding the security aspect of confidentiality but with it different negative aspects are also being included. The messages that are sending from one person to the other are encrypted in a way that the message cannot be accessed by anyone other than the intended recipient of the message. This aspects advantage is being taken by the criminals. The criminal tend to send their conversation or their message by encrypting the message as a result of which the message cannot be accessed by any one other. As stated in a report by the FBI half of the investigation is now impeded by suspect using computer or phones with encryption (Badrinarayanan et al 2017). The negative aspect is that it would be dealing with the Privacy-protecting consumer encryption which is a technology that is almost nearly impossible to regulate or prohibit putting emphasis when criminals also use it to impede investigation. As a result of which criminals are very difficul t to be traced. The struggling had started with the Smartphone security aspect. Notably, after the ISIS inspired couple murdered 14 people (Al-Shmrani, M.A and Khan 2017). The police department tried to convince Apple to create a fake update for an iPhone to break and in order to gatherer the information from the phone. The company couldnt process the request as that would have made a huge change. Encryption has boomed its popularity in the recent months. Android devices and I phones both the devices can be encrypted if their user wants it to do so. They can create their own password or finger print in order to open the device (Badrinarayanan et al 2017). With emphasis on the different messaging application like Watsapp and iMessage strong end to end encryption is achieved which means that those devices manufacturer cant process a mean to unlock the users message (Kamp 2016). Cryptography experts resound agreed upon the fact of asking companies like Apple to a build a backdoor into an encrypted program. The benefits of encryption that is put forward for the society and the gain confidentiality access to the data need to be balanced with the opportunity presented to the criminal fraternity (Hoffman 2016). Criminals that are part of such crime are targeted by the National Criminal Intelligence Service are on a par with large organizations and use the tools in order to carry their business. Criminals are in a move to exploit and take advantage of the technology and bid out maneuver enforcement of the law. It is fact that the use of encryption is not widespread at the present time, it has created serious in different areas in order to organize crime in field of pedophilia, trafficking and terrorism. As the criminals are becoming more IT liberate the use of encryption throughout the society is increasing and crime related to it are increasing in a wide span (Boneh and Franklin 2016). Time is always a pertinent in the fight against crime. Criminals always do not wait for the law enforcement in order to finish their preparation before committing an offence or a crime epically not a serious end of the spectrum of the crime. The vital aspect is timely access to the information. The time delay when is used in order to creak an encrypted message means that the material gained is of very little use to intelligence officers or an operation team (Gross 2017). There is an old saying that if the retrieval of the black box after a crash of flight is the only evidence then why not makes the whole flight of the same material. If houses were build of an unbreakable material it would be very difficult for the police to catch the criminals knowing that the person is inside of the house. Encryption can be related to the same sort of problem (Jacobsen 2017). The data which was ones a big evidence in part of the crime in recent times the data cannot be read or is unreachable. The major issue is not to grant access to the decrypted key, but whether access to the decrypted material is available when it is lawfully required. To conclude this essay it could be stated that encryption has brought about many new advantages which can be used in order achieve confidentiality with data in the computer system or data in a mobile phone. Access to anybodies personal information and the messages cannot be accessed. These technological advantages are exploited by the criminals in order to perform their activity (Spafford 2016). The data with respect to the crime was regarded as an important evidence in order to crack the case but with the encryption technology the data can be easily accessed and the processing of the investigation is hampered. The value of the current accedes to the material that could be encrypted- emails and telecommunication- should not be underestimated in the case of fighting against serious and organized crime. The effect of the material which is made irretrievable through the use of encryption could be potentially divesting (Tian et al.2016). References Al-Shmrani, M.A. and Khan, A.R., 2017. SIMPLE IMAGE ENCRYPTION FOR MOBILE PHONES. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 95(5), p.1134. Badrinarayanan, S., Goyal, V., Jain, A. and Sahai, A., 2017. A note on VRFs from Verifiable Functional Encryption. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, 2017, p.51. Boneh, D. and Franklin, M., The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University and The Regents Of The University Of California, 2016. Systems and methods for identity-based encryption and related cryptographic techniques. U.S. Patent 9,356,779. Garg, S., Gentry, C., Halevi, S., Raykova, M., Sahai, A. and Waters, B., 2016. Candidate indistinguishability obfuscation and functional encryption for all circuits. SIAM Journal on Computing, 45(3), pp.882-929. Gross, S., 2017. A Mystery Wrapped in an Encryption: Surveillance and Privacy in the Encrypted Era. Nw. J. Tech. Intell. Prop., 15, pp.74-74. Hoffman, N., 2016. Review of Intercept: The Secret History of Computers and Spies by Gordon Corera. Jacobsen, K.M., 2017. Game of Phones, Data Isn't Coming: Modern Mobile Operating System Encryption and Its Chilling Effect on Law Enforcement. Geo. Wash. L. Rev., 85, p.566. Kamp, P.H., 2016. More encryption means less privacy. Queue, 14(1), p.30. Spafford, E.H., 2016. The strength of encryption. Communications of the ACM, 59(3), pp.5-5. Tian, X., Fan, C., Liu, J. and Ding, Q., 2017, August. Design and Implementation of Network Video Encryption System Based on STM32 and AES Algorithm. In International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (pp. 51-58). Springer, Cham.
Saturday, April 11, 2020
Top Persuasive Essay Topics
Top Persuasive Essay TopicsTop persuasive essay topics can be challenging to choose from. There are some themes that appear more frequently than others. By knowing what topics people want to know about, you can select the ones that will give you the most bang for your buck.One of the best persuasive essay topics is the success story. This topic provides an important framework to reflect upon and think through. The topic is flexible enough to include a variety of possible perspectives.The whole idea of an issue raises up, gets debated and analyzed. While many people use this as a tool to motivate, it is also used to question a person's position. If the issue is relevant to the key issue, then this may be an appropriate topic.Another popular topic is the lack of relevance of the content management system. The content management system has emerged as a dominant platform for internet marketers. It is the one that gives you the tools to manage an abundance of content for your website and online business.If your business focuses on using the content management system, then why not write about how relevant it has become? That topic is likely to help you build a reputation for your business as someone who is committed to managing a large amount of content.The list of persuasive essay topics can continue to grow. By considering the key issues that will play a role in your chosen business, you will be well equipped to achieve your own desired goals.One way to avoid getting lost in the list of persuasive essay topics is to get a list of them. A list will provide you with the opportunity to choose from among the most popular ideas and see how they apply to your situation.
Wednesday, April 8, 2020
Values- Allport-Vernon free essay sample
Critically evaluate ââ¬Å"Allport-Vernonâ⬠classification of values. How valuesà affectthe business processes. Values represent basic convictions that ââ¬Å"a specific mode ofà conduct or end-state ofà existence is personally or socially preferable toà an opposite or converse mode of conduct orend-state of existenceâ⬠(Rokeach, 1973). When the valuesà are ranked in terms ofà theirintensity, i. e. , when the value are prioritized in terms of their intensity, it is called valuesystem. Types of values include ethical/moral values, doctrinal/ideological (political,religious) values, social values, and aesthetic values. Values have both content and intensityà attributes. The content attribute signifies that amode of conduct or end-state of existence isà important. The intensity attribute specifieshow important it is. Ranking an individualââ¬â¢s values in terms of their intensity equals thatpersonââ¬â¢s value system. Values build the foundation for the understanding of attitudes and motivation of anindividual, since; value has aà great impact on perceptions. Values shape relationships,behaviors, and choices. We will write a custom essay sample on Values- Allport-Vernon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The more positive our values, more positiveà are peopleââ¬â¢s actions. Asignificant portion of the values an individual holds is established in the early yearsââ¬âfromparents, teachers, friends, and others. Allport-Vernon classification of values: 1. Theoretical: Interest in the discovery of truth through reasoning andà systematicthinking. 2. Economic: Interest in usefulness and practicality, including theà accumulation of wealth. 3. Aesthetic: Interest in beauty, form andà artistic harmony. 4. Social: Interest in people and humanà relationships. 5. Political: Interest in gaining power and influencing other people. 6. Religious: Interest in unity and understanding the cosmos asà a whole. Work behavior across cultures andà businesses In every culture, there are different setsà of attitudes and values which affectà behavior. Similarly, every individual has a set of attitudes and beliefs ââ¬â filters through which he/sheviews management situations within organizational context. Managerialà beliefs, attitudesand values can affect organizations positivelyà or negatively. Managers portray trust andrespect in their employees in differentà ways in different cultures. This is aà function of theirown cultural backgrounds. For example, managers fromà specific culturestend to focusonly on the behavior that takes place at work, in contrast to managers from diffusedà cultures who focus on wider range of behaviorà including employeesââ¬â¢ private and
Monday, March 9, 2020
Estimate the importance of Federalism in fourth century Greece Essays
Estimate the importance of Federalism in fourth century Greece Essays Estimate the importance of Federalism in fourth century Greece Essay Estimate the importance of Federalism in fourth century Greece Essay Essay Topic: History The Peloponnesian War According to the Encyclopaedia Britannica1 federalism is a mode of political organisation that unites independent states within a larger political framework while still allowing each state to maintain its own political integrity. While the distribution of power between states and the federal authority will vary from system to system, all federal systems preserve the ability of state governments to decide matters of local importance without interference from the federal superstructure. Federalism is a way of achieving unity without force. After Athens was defeated by Sparta in 404BC, Sparta and its allies gathered together to decide the fate of Athens. Corinth and Thebes urged for the complete destruction of the city and for all Athenians to be sold into slavery. Athens enemies wanted to make sure that Athens did not return as a major power in Greece. However, Sparta decided that because of Athens past service to Greece and the Greek city states in the Persian Wars, to be lenient and ordered that the Athenian city walls and walls protecting the Piraeus were to be destroyed and for Athens to lose all its foreign possessions2. They also ordered that the Athenian navy was to be reduced to just twelve triremes and Athens had to become an ally to Sparta and pledge to follow Spartan leadership. From all of this two new concepts were to arise in fourth century Greece. Firstly, the concept of a common peace was to arise, which was the peace between all Greek States and secondly the concept of federalism, which was the formati on of various leagues and alliances for mutual protection. After the surrender of Athens, Sparta became the undisputed major power among the Greek city states. Stripped of her empire and navy, Athens looked to the establishment of leagues to ensure its survival and hopes of becoming a major power again, as well as to ensure the common peace. But it wasnt going to be easy for Athens because it had become a city under the political control of its more powerful neighbour Sparta and a period of Spartan Hegemony was to follow. According to Thomas. R. Martin, Ancient Greece, in Athens the Spartan general, Lysander, who defeated the city, pulled down the democratic government and established an oligarchy, this caused many members of the democratic factions to flee the city and raise armies in Corinth and Thebes. In the period of Spartan Hegemony we see Sparta trying to establish an empire of her own. Shortly after the defeat of Athens, Sparta entered into an alliance with Cyrus, who claimed the Persian throne against his brother, Artaxerxes the second, who had also claimed the throne. Under the leadership of Sparta, Cyrus managed to make it all the way to the centre of Mesopotamia and the capital itself. But Cyrus was killed leaving the Spartans trapped in hostile territory with no means of escape; her only escape route was to make defensive alliances with the Greek city states of Asia Minor which it did3. In these defensive alliances we see Sparta trying to ensure the common peace and we also to a small extent see the unification of some of the Greek states. Even though the alliances were defensive and for Spartas benefit, a hint of federalism does exist here. The period of Spartan Hegemony was followed by the Corinthian War from 395 to 386BC. Federalism is seen here in the alliance of Corinth, Argos, Thebes and Athens against Sparta. Angered by Spartas tyrannical overlordship in Greece after the Peloponnesian war and the defeat of Athens, several Greek states took advantage of Spartas involvement in the war with Persia to challenge Spartan supremacy4. With Persian aid from Artaxerxes the second, Athens was able to build a fleet, refortify her port, and eventually recover the islands of Lemnos, Scyros and Imbros. Unable to fight a war on all fronts, Sparta soon withdrew her forces from Asia Minor and Sparta began negotiations with Persia to bring about peace and to halt the Persian support of the rebellious Greek city states. Sparta with the help of a Spartan agent in Persia, Antalcidas, persuaded Artaxerxes to agree to the so called Kings Peace, or Peace of Antalcidas, but the terms were those of the Persian King and not that of Spartas5. Persia proposed that Cyprus and the Greek city states in Asia Minor were to be returned to Persia, while the Athenians were forced to give up their conquests except Lemnos, Imbros and Scryos. The Persians also proposed that the Greek city states except those in Asia Minor were to be independent thus eliminating combinations such as the Theban dominated Boeotian league, which had also fought against Sparta. Sparta accepted the terms of the treaty but interpreted its terms of peace as an excuse to justify interference in the Greek city states. Sparta could use the terms of the treaty as an excuse to dismantle enemies whose organisation could be seen as a violation of peace in Greece6. The Kings peace also gave Sparta space to expand its actions and in 383BC Sparta attacked Olynthus. However, on passing by Thebes the Spartan army was invited into the city by a group of pro-Spartan citizens. The Spartan commander, Phoebidas took advantage of the situation and proceeded to seize the citadel of Thebes. This action was to create a violent hatred to Sparta in the Greek world. In turn the Athenians were to ally themselves with the Thebans and the establishment of the Athenian Naval Confederacy in 378BC occurs7. Like Athens alliance during the Corinthian war this was also an act of federalism. The establishment of the Athenian naval confederacy may have been due to the fear of Spartan revenge after the Athenian support for Thebes and the part it played in the liberation of Thebes citadel, but it is probably more likely that Athens simply used the anti-Spartan attitude in the hope to gain a foothold on which to restore her once formidable empire. With the establishment of the Athenian naval confederacy Athens was careful to guarantee that the alliance would not turn into a second Delian league that was completely dominated by Athens. In the naval confederacy combined military actions of Athens and its allies could only be approved by the Athenian peoples court after the majority of a federal diet, of which Athens was no member, was in favour. Another difference between the Delian league and the new Athenian naval confederacy was that Athens did not have permission to establish cleruchies, or loose soldiers on the territory of its allies. Athens could also not demand tributes, the necessary contributions were completely voluntary. These measures made the Athenian naval confederacy from the beginning not suited as an instrument for new Athenian imperialism8. For many of the Greek states there was no rush to join the Athenian naval confederacy, only when the confederacy showed its effectiveness by defeating Sparta at sea during the battle of Naxos in 376BC did the alliance quickly gain members9. At first most cities were happy with their membership of the confederacy, but soon Athens showed its real intentions. Athens also broke one of her promises by installing a garrison on the island of Cephalleia. The justification of the alliance, at first a democratic freedom fight against Sparta the oppressor, seemed to have lost its justification. Thebes also had become power hungry and it reclaimed its leadership over Boetia by reviving the Boetian league10. Thebes ambitions did not stop there and a war followed ending in 371BC with a Spartan defeat at Leuctra. Up until then the Spartan army was seen as almost invincible. The Theban victory was due to the tactical genius of Epaminodas. He realised that the problem or weakness of the Spartan phalanx was that it had always tended to curl to the right, as the hoplites instinctively moved to the right to gain more protection from the shield of the hoplite beside them. So Epaminodas introduced the sloping phalanx11 which was deeper at the left wing. The result was a classic encirclement of the enemy once the stronger left wing had defeated the weaker right wing of the enemy. After the battle of Leuctra a period of Theban Hegemony was to come. It is also important to note that the Athenian naval confederacy was still intact after the Spartan defeat. One of the Theban Hegemonys most permanent legacies according to V. Ehrenberg, The Greek State, was the export of the federal principle and that the establishment of the Arcadian league is concrete evidence of the way Thebes in her expansion in the Aegean, capitalized on Athenian unpopularity by stealing Athens allies and institutions12. Although Theban Hegemony was to follow, Athens still made a bid for diplomatic leadership to fill the vacuum left by Spartas fall. It was not so much an attempt to incorporate Spartas allies into the naval confederacy by Athens but to inherit the hegemony of the Peloponnese, which Thebes already had. Thebes found it convenient, as we see in the establishment of the Arcadian league, to encourage federalism13. The Thebans encouraged the federation of Arcadia in the hope that the Arcadian league would form a suitable diplomatic and strategic implement. In spite of Spartan wishes, in the latter Thebes was successful, although the league did prove to be r ather too independent in spirit for Thebes liking. As federalism was a way of achieving unity without force Thebes saw herself as the leader of a united Hellas, as most probably Sparta and Athens did. The establishment of Theban military supremacy was a source of fear to both Athens and Sparta, and so it seemed the logical move for the two states to combine in their opposition to Thebes14. By 369BC the Athenians and Spartans were in the field as allies, not dividing up their respective spheres by land and sea but each holding supreme command in turn. However, Spartas last hope to restore its power ended with the great battle of Mantinea in 362BC. Thebes had once again managed to defeat the Spartan phalanx, but this time it had cost them the death of their most influential leader, Epaminodas15. It seems evident that none of the three great states could gain leadership again let alone leadership of a united Hellas, Sparta was completely broken and defeated, Athens had problems and discontent within her confederacy and Thebes was in general hated and had lost her most influential leader. According to Sir Franck Adcock and D.J. Mosley, Diplomacy in Ancient Greece, what also became clear was that the principal collection of independent cities had to be replaced by other forms of government. It seemed that the history of Greece was to repeat itself, everyone attacking each other in a bid to become the most powerful city. The result was that several times confederations were formed by cities who felt threatened, as we have seen to a certain extent. In the early 350s BC Thebes was completely losing her power and an argument with her neighbouring city, Phocis, resulted in a Sacred War, in which Thebes was hit hard. Phocis seized the Delphi temple treasures, hired mercenaries and fought for its existence. The war was only ended by the intervention of Philip of Macedon in 346 BC16. Soon the disintegration of the Boetian league increased and Theban Hegemony was completely over. The Athenians also gave over their league and Greece had once again become a nation of independent non-allied states. In less than two decades, those city states would disappear forever as political units, to be replaced by a kingdom under Macedonian rule and Philip II. Philips establishment of the Corinthian League was to be the building of the bridge that led to the federal state17. We can conclude that fourth century Greece is a period littered with alliances. There is a great deal of federalism in the fourth century BC and its importance is that it is a kind of alternative to an extent to imperialism, it is a way of achieving peace without force. Leagues and alliances were all attempts to ensure a common peace with one of a possible three candidates wanting to be at the helm of it all to an extent. But neither Sparta, Thebes or Athens was to lead Greece as a federal state and achieve unity as Macedon and Rome later did. The leagues were an offensive as well as a defensive alliance, as seen in the Athenian naval confederacy. In answer to the question I believe that federalism did play an important role in the fourth century and it paved a way for a common peace under Macedonian rule with Philip and later with Alexander the Great, who expressed unity at its highest level by incorporating Persians in administrative roles in his vast empire which stretched from Gr eece to India.
Friday, February 21, 2020
Helicopter vs Planes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
Helicopter vs Planes - Essay Example Research indicates that a person on the helicopter has high chances of making it safely to the ground than one on an airplane. Survival on a helicopter is possible because of autorotation of the rotor blade. The rotor blades of a helicopter go on rotating when engine fails. Helicopter pilots are well aware of this phenomenon because they practice a lot during training. They are thought to switch off the engine and land a helicopter (Hiskey, 2012). A significant number of accidents happen as a result of human error. If one travels using a helicopter on bad weather or flying onto wires he or she is likely to cause accident. Someone might argue that planes are much safer because it always fly at high altitude than a helicopter making it much safer. However, as mentioned above, accidents only happen due to pilot error. An airplane could be more dangerous than helicopter in case engines fails. It will fall at high speed than a helicopter; helicopter utilizes autorotation as mentioned earlier (Hiskey, 2012). In conclusion, it is much safer to travel on a helicopter than an airplane. It is easy to control helicopter when engine fails. Hiskey, D. (2012). Helicopters Wonââ¬â¢t Just Drop Like a Rock if the Engine Dies, They are Actually Designed to Be Able to Land Safely This Way. Retrieved from
Wednesday, February 5, 2020
International Business Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
International Business Management - Term Paper Example us assesses the changes observed in the relationship of India and Australia for the past 10 years, projecting the future of such relationship for the upcoming few years until 2024. As per the study findings, it is worth mentioning that communication gaps, giving rise to misunderstanding amid the two nations concerning their global objectives, acted as the major hindrance to their stagnant business relationship. However, from a futuristic perspective it was observed that such hindrances are steadily becoming obscure and contributing towards a much better relationship amid the two nations. The existing business relationship between Australia and India has ignited many benefits in building a communication with different cultures. To be mentioned in this context, the commonness in the strategic goals of the countries acted as a major boost to their enriched business relationship in the recent years (Brewster 2014). However, there are certain issues as well, those are inherent to the foreign trade dynamics of both these countries, having a toll on their developments. One of those issues can be identified as related with the often reported unrest in Australian geographic climate, when concerning the expatriates from India (Grare 2014). Nevertheless, through bilateral trade agreements and other forms of trade relations, these countries have witnessed massive changes in the recent decade, which will be discussed in the paper henceforth. Communication between the two countries has given rise to certain issues related to their business relationships. To be noted in this context, since the past 10 years, India and Australia were observed to having divergent goals defined for their strategic development. Partially owing to these strategic trajectories, both the nations were somewhat reluctant to enhance their trade relations, which indicate towards the communication gap existing amid the duo (Rao 2003). It was, but only in the year 2014, that the current Prime Ministers of
Tuesday, January 28, 2020
Managing Change A Case Study of Corus Strip Products UK
Managing Change A Case Study of Corus Strip Products UK Using suitable and significant models, theories and concepts, this report examines how the company Corus implemented a current change initiative at its sub-division (Corus Strip Products UK) in a reaction to the obvious threat of increased competition from new entrants in the steel industry. By considering the case study, this assignment uses the Gradualist Paradigm of change to discuss how barriers to change at CSP UK were overcome and how the measurement of outcomes of change influenced organisational transformation. This will be employed to confirm and critique any suggestion made to its executive relating to the sustainability of the business. INTRODUCTION Corus Strip Products UK (CSP UK) is a leading producer of strip steel valuable in various manufacturing and construction sectors. It aims to be a leader in steel industry, by providing better products, higher quality services, and better value for money than its rivals. It needs constant development of entire working environment and culture in order to meet its ambition for growth. In 2010, it published a case study (The Times 100 Business Case Study: Corus) that explains how barriers to change were overcome in its sub-division. CSP UK initiated the Journey program in 2005. The company sought to tackle an extensive variety of issues but was specific in its tasks and framework which centred on the values and beliefs of its people. Fundamentally, this needed a combined effort from stakeholders (employees, contractors, suppliers and other associates) uniting on a set of guiding principles (8) that will define the core of the business namely honesty, professionalism, integrity, respect, improvement, excellence, fairness and transparency. The objective of this assignment is to form the concepts of the methods of change and learning of key stakeholders in the case study, using appropriate and relevant models. The results will be used to justify and critique recommendations to the management for future initiatives to sustain development at Corus. MAIN CONTENT Drivers (reasons) for change Due to the dynamic and disordered nature of steel markets, change was unavoidable at CSP UK in other to retain its competitive advantages. Inefficiencies within the business at CSP UK led to delays and wastage in production. Exports of products from the UK were more expensive compared to other countries, reducing its competitive advantage. CSP UK had dedicated workforce but there was a lack of motivation by work situations and signs of poor health and safety culture. External drivers for change centred upon increase competition from new entrants in the steel industry especially from Eastern Europe and Far East. This had a negative effect on demand leading to higher cost of its products, reducing its attractiveness to potential customers. Also advances in technology resulted in customers wanting better products, leading Corus to focus on innovation. CSP UK had a poor public opinion regarding environmental issues and this contributed to changes within the firm informing its business strategy, policies and procedures of the future. Types of change In order to understand change processes at CSP UK over time, it is vital to look at how the organisation understood the change cycle (Tushman, 1970) and how environmental factors affected its strategic vision. Since the 1970s, there has been a gradual decline of old products with the emergence of new products needed to increase future prospects. The Journey program showed both incremental and transformational changes over its period of implementation. It built on high skill set of its stakeholders and focused on how to improve work systems adaptable to the demands of new markets. Its framework for cultural transformation was at an organisational level, focusing on developing new and dynamic set of values that is different from earlier times (Burnes 2009, in Hayes). Previous drives for change from the Corus case report, showed signs of programmatic or planned change occurring. Looking at Total Quality Management (TQMs) initiative as well as prior programs, there was a focus on work reprogramming which included rationalizing of costs leading to a downsized labour force (~ 13% of total costs). However, CSP UK is an organisation of highly skilled and dedicated people and for future prosperity, there has to be a greater focus on how systemic (e.g. job enhancement, people empowerment and team building) and organisation development (including training, education and indoctrination of cultural values) can effect growth and improvement of business. Barriers to Change The 1970s were characterised by job reductions, redundancies, and a shortage of apprenticeships leading to doubt in workforce regarding new initiatives (refraining forces). Furthermore, certain members of staff at CSP UK gradually became unconcerned to business initiatives as they and the business had survived earlier testing times. The fear of the unfamiliar led to anxiety about existing teams and positions; hence the management at CSP UK sought to clarify the collective interest of all. Corus is a reputable firm in a conventional industry showing rigidity in certain aspects of its business. It had difficulty in modifying certain business practices to take advantage of advances in technology. This is damaging to its growth prospect and weakens its drive for innovation that adds value to its products and services. Additionally, the personnel at CSP UK showed signs of ageing, which demonstrated a slow pace to change. The pace of change has to be right, not too slow but not too fast as this can lead to a mis-alignment with the environment (Johnson Scholes 1991 in Hayes 2007). Transfer of skills amongst staff was limited and affected the ability of the firm to attract the brightest, youngest individuals available, important for future development. Company policy of rewarding long service rather than distinguished service reinforced the companys lack of dynamism, and its need to adapt business models to reward productivity and not longevity. CSP UK must focus on incentives that recognise suitable professional behaviours both natural and acquired. Methods of Overcoming Barriers CSP UK understood the importance of involving all stakeholders and effectively communicating the process of change. It defined its present performance standard (As Is) and future goals (To Be), stressing the importance of managing transitional periods and sustaining and revising its outlook. High impact techniques were used to demonstrate the state of the business highlighting where improvements could be made. In one instance, 150 senior managers were invited to Millennium Stadium Cardiff only to be met with shoddy service like servings of cold tea and the use of a broken slide projector. In addition, videos of poor standards were shown to managers, as well as the consultations with local school children which highlighted poor public opinion regarding the vision and practices of the business (e.g. environmental issues). Alarmingly, there was no dissent from the invitees, demonstrating a difference between industry standards and expectations of employees, representing a huge barrier t o reforming the firm. To tackle this, stakeholders at Corus had to be made aware of their right to challenge. Individual ownership of change was fit into the work setting and personal responsibility for change was encouraged. To this day, over 5000 employees have signed up to the beliefs and principles of the firm. Approaches to Managing and Leading the Change Process The Gradualist Paradigm The gradualist paradigm of change states that, basic change occurs through a process of continuous adjustment as change is emergent, i.e., there is no deliberate organisation for change (Weick Quinn, 1999). Therefore, for successful implementation of change, management and communication of change is vital. Leaders at CSP UK focused on its future prospects, its vision for change and how its culture identity can build emotional links within its workforce; while its management team focused on the present and set out a combined (economical organisational development) strategy for company transformation (Beer 2001 in Hayes 2009, chapter 14). Nahavandi, 2000 (in Burnes) Kotter, 1990 (in Hayes) stressed the importance of change managers developing suitable capacity and logistic to implement change. Managers at CSP UK set out clear targets (top-down directives), established steps to be taken and allocated resources as needed, with the aim of improving economic value of its products. Credit must be given to its managerial style which showed flexibility between transformational (innovative and adaptive culture) and transactional models recognising and rewarding success. A note must be made of the inter-changing roles of leaders and managers at CSP UK which were not mutually exclusive, but where sometimes combined in times of change for greater efficiency (Bolden, 2004 in Hayes). Organisational development strategies at CSP UK focused on enhancing the abilities of its stakeholders by involving and supporting individuals in their roles. It passed on its organisational vision clearly and focused on creating an enabling environment that increases productivity. It promoted a culture of involvement and shared purpose, focusing on the individual as champions of change. To achieve this, it used a range of communication channels including written and verbal interactions such as newsletters, workshops, intranet messages, heart-to-heart conversations, etc. The management team at CSP UK expected certain hindrances like the lack of trust in managers and resistance to change (restraining forces) and was well equipped to meet these challenges. Change in itself can be a violent process, especially in terms of restructuring, recruitment and redundancy, so mediating and actively listening to the fears and desires of its stakeholders is crucial. Beer (2001, in Hayes) stresses the importance of upward communication and underlines the need for information distribution and individuals buying-into the need for reform. At the moment, there is collective support from individuals, teams and departments to improve its culture. In effect, the Journey sought out to manage a psychological contract based on core values that shape outcomes relating to job output. Measuring the Outcomes of Change The Journey program contributed hugely to the viability of business at Corus Strip Product, UK. Its production volume has increased by 4.5% to a run-rate of 5 million tonnes. Absenteeism is at an all time low and there has also been an improvement of goods and service to its customers. There are stricter targets for Health and Safety; with safety teams tasked with maintaining an accident-free environment. These have all contributed to the establishment of a robust business especially in the backdrop of harsh economic realities in 2008 and 2009. Crucial business forecast for 2009/2010 predicts cost reduction of approximately à £250 million. In order for an effective transitional period at CSP UK, it developed integrated feedback mechanisms that made the review process easy, and its adaptability to meet new deadlines. Midway indicators were set to integrate the workforce into achieving stated objectives. There has also been a massive number of quick wins, which has contributed to a greater yield and continues to improve the cost-effectiveness of the business. RECOMMENDATIONS This report has raised the issue of an organisational-wide business process re-engineering (BPR) at Corus as reinforced by gains showed at its sub-division (CSP UK) from implemented reforms. The plant is on target to attain a 20% reduction in cost of production of steel. Using CSP UK as a model, organisational structures can be redesigned world-wide that are more flexible and less hierarchical to accomplish faster and more adaptable responses to changing markets. For sustainable growth, Antonacopoulou Gabriel (2001); Argyris (1991) argued for the need for new learning to occur during the change process to allow for a gradual transformation of Corus from an organisation learning (OL) to being a learning organisation (LO). To be ahead of rivals in the sector, Corus has to continually invest in new systems especially apprenticeships to renew its workforce and to create a forward-thinking environment. Strebels cycle of competitive behaviour (in Hayes 2007) illustrates the importance of Corus having the adequate structures that it uses to predict technological, political (e.g. new laws) and economic changes in the steel industry. In the 1970s competition was fierce with rivals reacting to add value to their products to maintain market relevance. This led to an oversupply of products (breaking point) with insufficient demand and a consequent downturn leading to job losses. CSP UK acted rightly to formulate efficiency strategies resulting in Total Quantity Management initiative (TQMs) to improve competitiveness and productivity. Total labour cost is low (~13% of total cost) in contrast to energy and raw materials, e.g. assembly line cost at 40-50% of total cost, indicating excesses to expenditure here. Therefore, there is an opportunity to thoroughly review work efficiency (especially energy and raw materials) and reassign sufficient resources to improve innovation, staff management training, development, shared values and time and apprenticeship (transfer of learning). This comprehensive approach to organisational development is reflected in the thinking of the management. we cannot solve our problems by spending; we cannot solve our problems by cutting back. The only way to meet our challenges is to change how we go about things. (quote from Managing Director of CSP UK). The poor perception amongst the public on how CSP UK handles environmental issues has to be addressed without delay. Records show that carbon dioxide emissions have fallen by 10% and its standards now exceeds government criteria for carbon emissions. A public relations initiative using a variety of channels (including internet, bill boards, television and radio, telephone messaging, etc) is needed to show the significant improvement in the companys impact on the community. There is some evidence of failure in previous programs even though the firm supported the concept of modernization. Due to the punctuated nature of change, measures have to both be incremental and transformational in nature to be effective. The Journey program gave a clear picture of the need for coordinated organisational changes within its structure, learning and culture (Burnes, B. 2009). Evidence of this is found in the way it worked in partnership to re-define its eight (8) core value that now steers everything CSP UK does and what its culture stands for. Corus Strip Products UK achieved this by winning the support of all employees as champions of change and supported a culture of frank engagement, avoiding the us and them mentality. This in turn challenged barriers of change and delivered a workable strategy that built a sustainable business for future generations. This culture must constantly be revived, reviewed and guarded carefully for future growth and development at Corus. CONCLUSIONS Due to the case-based evaluation of this report, there are limitations to the assumptions that can be made. However, it was evident that there was the need for organisational change to retain sustainability at Corus Strip Products UK. The Journey helped CSP UK weather the storm despite the economic downturn, with the company now benefiting from the gains of the program. This has enabled the business to construct a feasible business model that focuses on organisational transformation and establishes its growth and profitability margins; to maintain its ability to attract investment and capital from governments, big businesses, and individuals.
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